Improvement in spacing-machines



FRANCIS C. GONE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

Lette/rs Patent No. 88,368, dated Ma/rch 30, 1869.

IMPROVEMENTv IN SPADING-MACIIINES.

*w*- The Schedule referred to in these Lettera Patent and making part ofthe same.

-mon To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS O. GONE, of the city and county of SanFrancisco, State of California, have invented an ImprovedSpading-llachine; and I do hereby declare the following description andaccompanying drawings are sun'icieut to enable any person skilled in theart or science to which it most -nearly appertains, to make and use mysaid invention or improvements without further invention or experiment.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved machine for turningup and pnlverizing the soil and preparing it for seeding; and

It consists in a series of flanges turning loosely on a bearing-shaft,and each having a number of arms extending outward from its periphery.

At the end of each arm is a spade or knife extending across, at rightangles to the travel of the machine. These spades are placed at such anangle as to enter the ground vertically, as the anges revolve; and thearms are so placed in and attached to the flanges, that the depth towhich the spade enters the ground may be varied, the distances betweentheir edges always remaining equal to the distance from the edge of theflange, however it may be varied.

The arm is so formed as to give a peculiar cuttingedge, which isextremely effective in breaking up the turf and clods.

It also consists in so arranging the body of the machine, that the angleat which it stands, with reference to the earth, may be varied.

Weights may also be used to increase the effective- -ness of the spades.

To more fully describe my invention, reference is' had to theIaccompanying drawings, forming a. part of`this specification, of which-I Figure l is a side sectional elevation of' my machine.

Figures 2 and 3 are views of the knives. Y

Similar' letters of reference in each ofthe gnres indicate like parts.

A is a shaft, of' the desired length, each end turning in boxes on thebody of the machine, which is supported by it;

A number of danges, B, is placed on the shaft, and

turn loosely, the hubs O being made of sufficient length to hold thedang-es at a certain distance apart.

Around the rim of the flanges, slots'D D are made, which extend towardthe hub, and which, if continued, would form tangents to a circlesituated between the centre and rim of the ange.

The angle of these slots is so calculated that when the arms-carryingthe spades are in their places, the distance between their edges and thedistance of their edges from the rim will beequal, whether the arms belengthened or shortened.

The arms E E, which carry the spades, are made to slide in the slots D,and may be set so as to make a deep or shallow cut with the spades, bymeans of the notches, or shoulders a a in the sides of the slots D, thearms having corresponding lugs swaged to t them, and the whole is heldrmly by a screw passing through the arm and flange. v

The arms are made with a cutting-edge, F, of peculiar shape, toward theend, so as to thoroughly break up the ciods.

At the ends of the arms, the spades G are placed, at an angle to thearm, so determined that they shall enter the ground vertically.

These spades extend across the arms, at right angles with the line oftravel of the machine, and are of such a length as to clear those of thesucceeding ange. They are also made narrow from their inner to theirouter edge, thi's being very important, as it reduces the friction andsecures a complete turning of the soil.

The body, which is supported onl the shaft A, has two chambers, or boxesI I, which may be filled with earth, stones, or any heavy substance, tomake the spades eicient in hard soil.

By the peculiar shape of the spades, and the angle at which they areplaced, they enter the soil vertically, and gradually turn as they passto the lowest point of the cut, and from thence until they emerge, andthus break and pulverize the earth and drop it behind them, this beingeffected by making the spades narrow from the inner to the outer edge,while the clods and turf are thoroughly cut and broken up by thecutting-edges of the arms.

Having thus described my invention,

Y What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The above-described machine-spade, when provided with an adjustablearm, E, and a cutting-edge, F, projecting in front of the blade Gr,substantially as set fort-l1.

2. The revolving anges B, having the tangential slots D, for determiningthe angle of the spades, substantially'as herein described.

3. The notches, or shoulders a a in the sides ofthe slots D, for holdingthe spades, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

Witnesses: FRANCIS O. GONE. [L S.]

J. L. BOONE,

GEO. H. STRONG.

